import java.util.Scanner;
class Sample
{
  public static void main(String[] args)
  {
//**********************************************************************
//                                                                     *
//  This is where you put the coding that will be executed when        *
//  you enter "java Sample"                                            *
//                                                                     *
//**********************************************************************
    System.out.println("Hello, world!");
  }

  void StealMe()
  {
//**********************************************************************
//                                                                     *
//  This routine just holds samples of various sorts                   *
//                                                                     *
//  1. Allocate and load integer, real, or String (i.e., character)    *
//    SINGLE variables.                                                *
//                                                                     *
//  The "int" "double" and "String" only appear the first time you     *
//  set the variable.  Later, for example, you would just type         *
//  "number=4"                                                         *
//                                                                     *
//  The boolean variable can hold only two different values "true" or  *
//  false".                                                            *
//                                                                     *
//**********************************************************************
    int number=3;
    double Avagadro=6.0221E23;
    String name="Frank";
    boolean isItRaining=true;
//**********************************************************************
//                                                                     *
//  2. Allocate and load arrays.                                       *
//                                                                     *
//  Note that Java's first array entry is element ZERO.                *
//                                                                     *
//**********************************************************************
    double[][] a=new double[3][2];
    a[0][0]=1.;
    a[1][0]=2.;
    a[2][0]=3.;
    a[0][1]=4.;
    a[1][1]=5.;
    a[2][1]=6.;
//**********************************************************************
//                                                                     *
//  3. Print to the screen                                             *
//                                                                     *
//**********************************************************************
    System.out.println(" Hello, world! \n a[1][1] is "+a[1][1]);
//**********************************************************************
//                                                                     *
//  4. Perform a "DO loop"                                             *
//                                                                     *
//  Formally, the three arguments inside the "for" statement           *
//  parentheses (separated by semi-colons) are:                        *
//    1. A statement that will be performed BEFORE the loop starts.    *
//    2. An logical statement (IF statement) that governs whether the  *
//       loop will be continued.  If it is false, the loop ends        *
//       (perhaps without ever having been run, if it is always false) *
//    3. A statement that will be performed as the LAST statement of   *
//       the loop.                                                     *
//                                                                     *
//    In practice, they are almost always used like in the example:    *
//    1. Initializing a counter of how many times the loop has been    *
//       executing                                                     *
//    2. Stating that the loop will continue only if the counter is    *
//       below some upper limit (the upper limit is the number of      *
//       times it will run, if the counter starts at zero).            *
//    3. Increment the counter.                                        *
//                                                                     *
//**********************************************************************
//                                                                     *
//  Notes:1. In Java, capitalization matters.  So the variable n is    *
//           different from N.                                         *
//        2. "continue" means to jump to skip the rest of the lines    *
//           of the loop BUT go on to the next loop entry.             *
//        3. "break" means to jump completely out of the loop.         *
//        4. Inside an "IF" test, you can use < and > normally (along  *
//           with either =< or <= or => or >=)  BUT the equals sign    *
//           has to appear TWICE.                                      *
//                                                                     *
//**********************************************************************
    int N=10;
    for(int i=0;i<N;i++)
    {
      System.out.println(" number "+i);
      if(i< 12)continue;
      if(i==2)break;
    }
//**********************************************************************
//                                                                     *
//  5. While loop.  The IF test is done BEFORE the loop is executed.   *
//                                                                     *
//**********************************************************************
    boolean stillGuessing=true;
    while(stillGuessing)
    {
//**********************************************************************
//                                                                     *
//    6. Reading a variable from the keyboard (with a screen prompt)   *
//                                                                     *
//**********************************************************************
      System.out.println(" Make a guess of Avagadro's number");
      Scanner sc=new Scanner(System.in);
      double guess=sc.nextDouble();
//**********************************************************************
//                                                                     *
//    7. IF test with an ELSE blocks                                   *
//                                                                     *
//**********************************************************************
      if(guess > Avagadro)
      {
        System.out.println(" Too high. Guess again.");
      }
      else if(guess < Avagadro)
      {
        System.out.println(" Too low. Guess again.");
      }
      else
      {
        System.out.println(" Correct!");
        stillGuessing=false;
      }
//**********************************************************************
//                                                                     *
//    8. Pull in a pre-existing Java object                            *
//                                                                     *
//       Look at what I did with the Scanner object:                   *
//       a. Look up the object in Java.doc                             *
//       b. Put in the import statement at the top of the file         *
//          --> import java.util.Scanner;                              *
//       c. Create the object using a constructor.                     *
//          --> Scanner sc=new Scanner(System.in);                     *
//       d. Use the object's methods of interest                       *
//          --> double guess=sc.nextDouble();                          *
//                                                                     *
//**********************************************************************
//                                                                     *
//    9. Put in comments:                                              *
//       a. As I have done throughout this file, start line with //    *
//       b. Insert // in middle of line. Rest of line is comment.      *
//       c. Insert a /* (anywhere).  Everything is a comment until     *
//          you put in a */.                                           *
//                                                                     *
//          I find this most useful for temporarily disabling lines    *
//          of code.                                                   *
//                                                                     *
//**********************************************************************
    }
  }
}